Pelvic Mass

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Pelvic masses may arise from the cervix, womb, tubes, ovaries or any other pelvic organ (bowel, bladder, muscle and bone). Any mass can be benign or malignant. The type of mass varies with age, however, it is always essential to exclude a sinister cause.

Symptoms include pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, pain with intercourse, sensation of pelvic pressure, passing urine more frequently, constipation, intermittent diarrhoea, abdominal distension, loss of appetite and weight loss.

Assessment by a trained gynaecologist will include general examination and a detailed abdominal and vaginal examinations. Further assessment with an abdominal and/or pelvic ultrasound will provide the gynaecologist with information about the size and consistency of the mass. Subsequently, further tests will include: blood tests (CA125, CA19-9, CEA, AFP, hCG) and more specialised imaging (CT, MRI or PET).

The majority of masses are benign. They can be treated conservatively or by minimally invasive (keyhole) surgery. However, if the mass if felt to be of a sinister nature then it should be managed by a gynaecological oncologist. Surgery, if required, can be by ‘key-hole’ if appropriate but ‘open’ surgery through a larger incision may be preferred.

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